在Window下安装CentOS并安装Nginx、OpenResty

Nginx
Centos, Nginx, OpenResty, VMware

本文记录了在window上利用VMware虚拟机安装CentOS并且在CentOS里面安装Nginx、OpenResty的过程

主要分为以下四步：

1，在Windows上安装VMware Workstation
2，图解在VMware上安装CentOS
3，在CentOS上安装OpenResty
4，解决Windows下无法访问虚拟机的问题（通过配置iptables）
5，最后介绍使用make方式安装nginx

安装CentOS

先安装VMware Workstation软件，搜索后在Windows自行下载安装。比较简单，这里不再记录。
安装完成后，在VMware Workstation中安装CentOS，步骤参考下图

安装CentOS-1
安装CentOS-2
安装CentOS-3
安装CentOS-4
安装CentOS-5
安装CentOS-6
网络选择桥接模式，具体可以参考：Vmware虚拟机三种网络模式详解
安装CentOS-7-配置网络
安装CentOS-8-配置内存

最后点击确定，等待一会后，就可以进入CentOS了。首次进入需要配置网络、语言、用户，配置完成后，使用ifconfig命令可以查看Linux的IP，用于在外部使用XShell软件访问。

安装OpenResty

本文只介绍CentOS下安装步骤，其他系统请参考 官网中文安装说明：

  1. 添加openresty仓库：

    1
    2
    sudo yum install yum-utils
    sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo https://openresty.org/package/centos/openresty.repo

  2. 安装openresty软件包：

    1
    sudo yum install openresty

  3. 启动OpenResty：

    1
    2
    cd /usr/local/openresty/nginx/sbin/
    ./nginx

配置iptablse：在windows下访问虚拟机中的OpenResty

安装iptables-services

1
yum install iptables-services

设置开机启动：

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
systemctl enable iptables  
# 其他命令 参考
systemctl stop iptables  
systemctl start iptables  
systemctl restart iptables  
systemctl reload iptables

保存设置：

1
service iptables save

修改iptablse配置，按照格式，添加80端口（下面第10行为添加内容）

1
vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
# Generated by iptables-save v1.4.21 on Sat Nov 25 21:44:44 2017
*filter
:INPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
:FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [6:592]
-A INPUT -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
-A FORWARD -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
COMMIT
# Completed on Sat Nov 25 21:44:44 2017

最后重启iptables使配置生效：

1
service iptables restart

然后就能在windows下访问页面了

遇到的问题

1，执行sudo yum install yum-utils报错：

1
2
3
4
5
Another app is currently holding the yum lock; waiting for it to exit...
  The other application is: PackageKit
    Memory : 132 M RSS (1.0 GB VSZ)
    Started: Sat Nov 25 21:37:18 2017 - 01:40 ago
State  : Running, pid: 11166

解决办法：

1
2
ps -ef|grep yum
kill -9 {上一步得到的进程号}

2，Nginx 80端口被占用

1
2
3
netstat -lnp|grep 80  
ps {上一步得到的进程号} # 根据进程号查看进程详情
kill -9 {上一步得到的进程号}

使用make方式安装nginx

1， 下载Nginx安装包，注意不要放在下载到/usr/local/nginx下，因为nginx会安装在该目录：

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
cd /usr/local/ && mkdir install && cd install
# 下载nginx包
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz
# 解压
tar zxvf nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.12.2
# 配置
./configure

2，安装如果提示缺少PCRE，需要安装PCRE

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
checking for PCRE library ... not found
checking for PCRE library in /usr/local/ ... not found
checking for PCRE library in /usr/include/pcre/ ... not found
checking for PCRE library in /usr/pkg/ ... not found
checking for PCRE library in /opt/local/ ... not found
./configure: error: the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library.
You can either disable the module by using --without-http_rewrite_module
option, or install the PCRE library into the system, or build the PCRE library
statically from the source with nginx by using --with-pcre=<path> option
# 如果有以上提示，说明机器未安装pcre，nginx http_rewrite_module 需要pcre正则功能
yum -y install pcre pcre-devel
./configure

3，安装如果提示缺少zlib，需要安装zlib

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
checking for zlib library ... not found
./configure: error: the HTTP gzip module requires the zlib library.
You can either disable the module by using --without-http_gzip_module
option, or install the zlib library into the system, or build the zlib library
statically from the source with nginx by using --with-zlib=<path> option.
# 如果有以上提示，说明机器未安装zlib，nginx http_gzip_module 需要zlib压缩功能
yum -y install zlib zlib-devel
./configure

4，配置成功后make && make install

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
# 配置成功后有如下提示，列出了nginx的主要文件所在路径
Configuration summary
  + using system PCRE library
  + OpenSSL library is not used
  + using system zlib library
  nginx path prefix: "/usr/local/nginx"
  nginx binary file: "/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
  nginx modules path: "/usr/local/nginx/modules"
  nginx configuration prefix: "/usr/local/nginx/conf"
  nginx configuration file: "/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
  nginx pid file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
  nginx error log file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log"
  nginx http access log file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/access.log"
  nginx http client request body temporary files: "client_body_temp"
  nginx http proxy temporary files: "proxy_temp"
  nginx http fastcgi temporary files: "fastcgi_temp"
  nginx http uwsgi temporary files: "uwsgi_temp"
  nginx http scgi temporary files: "scgi_temp"
make
make install

5，最后启动nginx

1
2
cd /usr/local/nginx/sbin 
./nginx

备注：注意使用./configure --help可以查看nginx的可配置路径和模块，列出如下：

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
--help                             print this message
--prefix=PATH                      set installation prefix
--sbin-path=PATH                   set nginx binary pathname
--modules-path=PATH                set modules path
--conf-path=PATH                   set nginx.conf pathname
--error-log-path=PATH              set error log pathname
--pid-path=PATH                    set nginx.pid pathname
--lock-path=PATH                   set nginx.lock pathname
--user=USER                        set non-privileged user for
                                   worker processes
--group=GROUP                      set non-privileged group for
                                   worker processes
--build=NAME                       set build name
--builddir=DIR                     set build directory
--with-select_module               enable select module
--without-select_module            disable select module
--with-poll_module                 enable poll module
--without-poll_module              disable poll module
--with-threads                     enable thread pool support
--with-file-aio                    enable file AIO support
--with-http_ssl_module             enable ngx_http_ssl_module
--with-http_v2_module              enable ngx_http_v2_module
--with-http_realip_module          enable ngx_http_realip_module
--with-http_addition_module        enable ngx_http_addition_module
--with-http_xslt_module            enable ngx_http_xslt_module
--with-http_xslt_module=dynamic    enable dynamic ngx_http_xslt_module
--with-http_image_filter_module    enable ngx_http_image_filter_module
--with-http_image_filter_module=dynamic
                                   enable dynamic ngx_http_image_filter_module
--with-http_geoip_module           enable ngx_http_geoip_module
--with-http_geoip_module=dynamic   enable dynamic ngx_http_geoip_module
--with-http_sub_module             enable ngx_http_sub_module
--with-http_dav_module             enable ngx_http_dav_module
--with-http_flv_module             enable ngx_http_flv_module
--with-http_mp4_module             enable ngx_http_mp4_module
--with-http_gunzip_module          enable ngx_http_gunzip_module
--with-http_gzip_static_module     enable ngx_http_gzip_static_module
--with-http_auth_request_module    enable ngx_http_auth_request_module
--with-http_random_index_module    enable ngx_http_random_index_module
--with-http_secure_link_module     enable ngx_http_secure_link_module
--with-http_degradation_module     enable ngx_http_degradation_module
--with-http_slice_module           enable ngx_http_slice_module
--with-http_stub_status_module     enable ngx_http_stub_status_module
--without-http_charset_module      disable ngx_http_charset_module
--without-http_gzip_module         disable ngx_http_gzip_module
--without-http_ssi_module          disable ngx_http_ssi_module
--without-http_userid_module       disable ngx_http_userid_module
--without-http_access_module       disable ngx_http_access_module
--without-http_auth_basic_module   disable ngx_http_auth_basic_module
--without-http_autoindex_module    disable ngx_http_autoindex_module
--without-http_geo_module          disable ngx_http_geo_module
--without-http_map_module          disable ngx_http_map_module
--without-http_split_clients_module disable ngx_http_split_clients_module
--without-http_referer_module      disable ngx_http_referer_module
--without-http_rewrite_module      disable ngx_http_rewrite_module
--without-http_proxy_module        disable ngx_http_proxy_module
--without-http_fastcgi_module      disable ngx_http_fastcgi_module
--without-http_uwsgi_module        disable ngx_http_uwsgi_module
--without-http_scgi_module         disable ngx_http_scgi_module
--without-http_memcached_module    disable ngx_http_memcached_module
--without-http_limit_conn_module   disable ngx_http_limit_conn_module
--without-http_limit_req_module    disable ngx_http_limit_req_module
--without-http_empty_gif_module    disable ngx_http_empty_gif_module
--without-http_browser_module      disable ngx_http_browser_module
--without-http_upstream_hash_module
                                   disable ngx_http_upstream_hash_module
--without-http_upstream_ip_hash_module
                                   disable ngx_http_upstream_ip_hash_module
--without-http_upstream_least_conn_module
                                   disable ngx_http_upstream_least_conn_module
--without-http_upstream_keepalive_module
                                   disable ngx_http_upstream_keepalive_module
--without-http_upstream_zone_module
                                   disable ngx_http_upstream_zone_module
--with-http_perl_module            enable ngx_http_perl_module
--with-http_perl_module=dynamic    enable dynamic ngx_http_perl_module
--with-perl_modules_path=PATH      set Perl modules path
--with-perl=PATH                   set perl binary pathname
--http-log-path=PATH               set http access log pathname
--http-client-body-temp-path=PATH  set path to store
                                   http client request body temporary files
--http-proxy-temp-path=PATH        set path to store
                                   http proxy temporary files
--http-fastcgi-temp-path=PATH      set path to store
                                   http fastcgi temporary files
--http-uwsgi-temp-path=PATH        set path to store
                                   http uwsgi temporary files
--http-scgi-temp-path=PATH         set path to store
                                   http scgi temporary files
--without-http                     disable HTTP server
--without-http-cache               disable HTTP cache
--with-mail                        enable POP3/IMAP4/SMTP proxy module
--with-mail=dynamic                enable dynamic POP3/IMAP4/SMTP proxy module
--with-mail_ssl_module             enable ngx_mail_ssl_module
--without-mail_pop3_module         disable ngx_mail_pop3_module
--without-mail_imap_module         disable ngx_mail_imap_module
--without-mail_smtp_module         disable ngx_mail_smtp_module
--with-stream                      enable TCP/UDP proxy module
--with-stream=dynamic              enable dynamic TCP/UDP proxy module
--with-stream_ssl_module           enable ngx_stream_ssl_module
--with-stream_realip_module        enable ngx_stream_realip_module
--with-stream_geoip_module         enable ngx_stream_geoip_module
--with-stream_geoip_module=dynamic enable dynamic ngx_stream_geoip_module
--with-stream_ssl_preread_module   enable ngx_stream_ssl_preread_module
--without-stream_limit_conn_module disable ngx_stream_limit_conn_module
--without-stream_access_module     disable ngx_stream_access_module
--without-stream_geo_module        disable ngx_stream_geo_module
--without-stream_map_module        disable ngx_stream_map_module
--without-stream_split_clients_module
                                   disable ngx_stream_split_clients_module
--without-stream_return_module     disable ngx_stream_return_module
--without-stream_upstream_hash_module
                                   disable ngx_stream_upstream_hash_module
--without-stream_upstream_least_conn_module
                                   disable ngx_stream_upstream_least_conn_module
--without-stream_upstream_zone_module
                                   disable ngx_stream_upstream_zone_module
--with-google_perftools_module     enable ngx_google_perftools_module
--with-cpp_test_module             enable ngx_cpp_test_module
--add-module=PATH                  enable external module
--add-dynamic-module=PATH          enable dynamic external module
--with-compat                      dynamic modules compatibility
--with-cc=PATH                     set C compiler pathname
--with-cpp=PATH                    set C preprocessor pathname
--with-cc-opt=OPTIONS              set additional C compiler options
--with-ld-opt=OPTIONS              set additional linker options
--with-cpu-opt=CPU                 build for the specified CPU, valid values:
                                   pentium, pentiumpro, pentium3, pentium4,
                                   athlon, opteron, sparc32, sparc64, ppc64
--without-pcre                     disable PCRE library usage
--with-pcre                        force PCRE library usage
--with-pcre=DIR                    set path to PCRE library sources
--with-pcre-opt=OPTIONS            set additional build options for PCRE
--with-pcre-jit                    build PCRE with JIT compilation support
--with-zlib=DIR                    set path to zlib library sources
--with-zlib-opt=OPTIONS            set additional build options for zlib
--with-zlib-asm=CPU                use zlib assembler sources optimized
                                   for the specified CPU, valid values:
                                   pentium, pentiumpro
--with-libatomic                   force libatomic_ops library usage
--with-libatomic=DIR               set path to libatomic_ops library sources
--with-openssl=DIR                 set path to OpenSSL library sources
--with-openssl-opt=OPTIONS         set additional build options for OpenSSL
--with-debug                       enable debug logging
分享到